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ISP Information:
A library of procedures that programs can call on. The DLL produces output related to the supplied input. DLLs can be somewhat of a black box, as you don't really need to know what's inside them, just what they do.
ISP Glossary:
DLL - herber@dcdrjh.fnal.gov (Randolph J. Herber) wroteThank you for the comprehensive comments. But, these machines were slow: each character processed, even the characters in the instructions, required 11 microseconds of CPU time.According to the Campbell-Kelly-Aspray (sp?) book, the biggest featureof the 1401 was not the CPU but rather the fast and clean 1403printer. I would guess that the 1401 CPU was hardware bound-- meaningthe slow printer and reader determined throughput, but the fast 1403was a big improvement over what else was out there at the time. Thebig machines used the 1401 as a spooler.I know many programmers who have a warm feeling of the 1401. What made it such a success was this was the first architecture from IBM that was available with a very wide price and performance range were the vendor promised that if one wrote their programs to a certain not particularly difficult standard then the program would execute correctly across the entire range and where the architecture was reasonably good for I/O, numerical computation, data movement and character processing. It was one of the very first such architectures in the world.I can't help but wonder if today's telephone systems, made from manydifferent manufacturers, share that upward compatibility. That is, ifa company wanted to upgrade from a small PBX to a bigger one, wouldit's staff have to relearn everything? IBM received several surprises with these machines. Operating System proved to be much harder than they expected to write (at one time IBM had over 2000 programmers working on its development).Their programming leader, Fred Brooks, said "the bearing of a childwill take 9 months no matter how many women are assigned", and,"adding people to a late project will just make it later". No, specifically, except for such models as the 22 and the 44, all machines _could_ have all instructions. Some models had optional floating point instructions, for example. But, those models could have them!True. I forgot in those days the instruction set was divided intothree parts (IIRC), a basic, commercial, and floating point orcombined as a universal instruction set.My employer, with an old S/360-40, allowed another firm to use ourmachine since their -40 didn't support floating point and ourshappened to (not that we ever used it). (Remember the Intel 80387 floating point unit and how it was emulated in some personal computers?)Today, we forget that electronics was so expensive back then. As yousaid, on the first generations of x86 PCs floating point was simulatedor purchased as an optional CPU add-on chip. 5) A sophisticated operating system: While earlier machines had some control programs, S/360 had sophisticated support services. Simple machines had none. Program memory isolation, dynamic program loading and large memory models come to mind.Hopefully the "WinTel" PC world will eventually catch on to that.Thanks again for your post.
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